Sarcopenia in patients with diabetes mellitus in primary health care
Sarcopenia; Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; Primary Health Care.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Sarcopenia is characterized by decreased strength and loss of muscle mass and is associated with frailty. Nutritional, physical and hormonal factors are interconnected in the development of sarcopenia and also diabetes. Diabetes is a syndrome characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and metabolic disorders that, when associated with sarcopenia, can lead the elderly to serious complications. Objective: To analyze the prevalence of sarcopenia in individuals with type 2 diabetes, users of primary care in the city of Divinópolis - Minas Gerais. Method: Cross-sectional study carried out with patients with DM2 registered in the Family Health Strategy. Questionnaires were administered containing information on physical, sociodemographic, clinical examination, physical activity and risk of falling. The questionnaire recommended by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2) was used to diagnose sarcopenia, consisting of four stages. To associate the risk of falling with the risk of sarcopenia, binomial regression was used. All analyzes were performed using Stata 14.0 software. Results: 214 individuals were analyzed, with an average age of 63 years (10), the majority of whom were female (58%), with incomplete primary education (59%), sedentary (64%), and diagnosed with diabetes for a long time. less than 10 years (51%). Obesity was predominant among adults (61%) and the elderly (64%). The prevalence of sarcopenia risk was 15%, with 2% of confirmed cases and 1% of severe cases. Among adults, this prevalence was 4% (n=8) and among the elderly, 11% (n=25). The risk of sporadic and recurrent falls was 31% and 12%, respectively. Conclusion: The prevalence of sarcopenia and falls risk in the population, especially among the elderly, highlights the need for interventions. Early identification of these problems and application of preventive measures can significantly improve quality of life and reduce the negative effects of muscle mass loss.