INVESTIGATION OF THE PRESENCE OF MICROPLASTICS IN THE ITAPECERICA RIVER AND THEIR INTERFERENCE IN FISH BIOLOGY: BIOMONITORING AND MITIGATION STUDY
microplastics; ichthyofauna; FTIR; Raman; water pollution; Itapecerica River.
Microplastic (MP) pollution has emerged as an environmental and public health concern due to its persistence, ubiquity, and potential ecological impact. Urban rivers, such as the Itapecerica River, which flows through the municipality of Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil, play a crucial role in transporting these contaminants to regional ecosystems. This study aimed to evaluate the presence and characterization of microplastics in water samples and in the ichthyofauna of the Itapecerica River, throughout the dry and rainy seasons. Samples were collected at three different points along the river, with subsequent characterization of the water's physicochemical parameters. The ichthyofauna was sampled, taxonomically identified, and subjected to gastrointestinal content analysis. Microplastic screening employed stereomicroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and FTIR techniques. The results revealed the presence of MPs at all sampled sites and in 26.47% of the individuals analyzed, with a predominance of blue fibers compatible with polyolefins such as polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP). Seasonal variations were observed in the parameters evaluated in the water samples, such as temperature, dissolved oxygen, and turbidity. The occurrence of MPs in both the water and the fish suggests multiple potential sources of pollution, related to domestic and industrial effluents, and urban activities, reinforcing the need for continuous monitoring and mitigation strategies.